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论文编号：	8677
作者编号：	2120143015
上传时间：	2016/12/7 9:40:20
中文题目：	内蒙古自治区蒙古文古籍保护研究
英文题目：	Research on the Protection of Mongolian Ancient Documents and Books in Inner Mongolia
指导老师：	柯平
中文关键字：	古籍；少数民族古籍；蒙古文古籍；古籍保护；民族古籍保护
英文关键字：	ancient books; ancient books by nationalities; ancient books in Mongolian; protection of ancient books by nationalities; Inner Mongolia
中文摘要：	本文以内蒙古自治区16家蒙古文古籍主要收藏单位为研究对象，通过实地考察和电话采访，收集到了大量的原始数据和研究素材。参考国家发布的五项古籍保护标准和要求，整理、分析出了内蒙古地区蒙古文古籍保护工作的现状。通过调查发现，内蒙古地区的民族古籍存世数量较多，分布范围分散，民族古籍分藏在不同类型的机构中，包括公共图书馆、高校图书馆、档案馆、博物馆、寺庙等。涉及的管理部门众多，如文化厅、宗教处、教育厅、文物局等多个部门。由于这些机构属于不同的行政主体，因此在管理制度、古籍保护条件上都有着较大的差距。档案馆的整体保存条件相比图书馆、寺庙等机构较强，而寺庙由于其管理部门不明确、古籍保护意识薄弱导致古籍保护条件最差。据调查，内蒙古地区民族古籍收藏机构的书库条件均未完全达到国家要求，条件最好的机构也仅达到全部标准的62.5%。这样不标准的古籍保存条件和不专业的古籍保护手段，加速了蒙古文古籍的老化。目前，各收藏单位保存的蒙古文古籍均有不同程度的破损情况，纸张发黄、发脆、粘连、虫蛀、掉渣等情况严重，需要各部门抓紧进行专业修复，但目前在全区范围内还未有正规的修复部门，古籍修复人员匮乏，大量待修复的古籍无法得到进一步保护。此外，在保护经费方面，内蒙古地区的民族古籍专项保护经费缺乏，而收藏单位又过度依赖专项经费的下拨，导致收藏单位不能主动进行民族古籍保护计划和经费申请，形成了被动的工作状态，大大延缓了民族古籍的保护进程。纵观现状，内蒙古地区的民族古籍保护工作从主观重视度到客观条件都存在着不足，亟待改善。通过对内蒙古地区蒙古文古籍保护现状的分析及国内外其他地区古籍保护方法成功案例的参考，本文提出了针对内蒙古自治区蒙古文古籍保护工作的可操作性建议：（一）管理层面的对策：形成统一的管理系统；制定明确统一的古籍保护制度，贯彻落实国家颁布的五项古籍保护要求；开展全面、系统的蒙古文古籍普查工作；加强监督机制，专门设立古籍保护情况检查程序。（二）经费层面的对策：实施保护条件分批改善；鼓励保护单位积极申请专项经费；建立古籍保护专项基金。（三）人才层面的对策：改变引进人才制度，解决编制问题；培养单位内部专业队伍；注重专业培训，改变职业态度；利用本区媒体宣传古籍保护工作等。（四）技术层面的对策：引进先进保护技术，统一打造标准化特藏库；开展寄存服务；尽快建立内蒙古自治区首个古籍保护实验室；建立内蒙古自治区古籍普查网络平台，加快古籍数字化进程。希望通过本文的研究成果能够加强内蒙古地区对蒙古文古籍保护的重视程度，切实帮助其改善蒙古文古籍保护工作的现状和不足。
英文摘要：	This essay studies assembly 16 institutions which are seen the chief collectors of Mongolian ancient books and documents. Through field works and interviews, sufficient amount of data was assembled for the study. It is spotted in this study that the ancient books of different nationalities in Inner Mongolia are housed in separate regional institutions in which involved public libraries, college as well as university libraries, archive bureaus, museums, temples and administrations, such as agencies of cultural affairs, the education departments, religion departments and etc. Due to the diversity of the institutions, the management and storage of the ancient books also differ violently. The archive bureaus excels and differentiates from other institutions, while temples suffers from a severe problematic situation which caused by ill-management and absence of sense of responsibility. According to the survey, all of the institutions in Inner Mongolia mentioned above can hardly reach relevant national standards. Even the most advanced and modern among them meets sheer the 62.5% of the demand. The inadequate storing condition and improper adopted method lead to budding of various crises to the ancient books. Currently, the stored ancient documentary collections are in an urgent need of appropriate reparation and professional caring. However, the lack of standard institution and professionals contributes to a further decay. Furthermore, the financial shortage disheartens the activeness of the faculties in the institutions, which enormously worsens situation and hinders the procedure of protection works. As a consequence, the ancient documents of nationalities in Inner Mongolia, priceless as they are, are scarcely in proper protection. Following suggestions are proposed, by integrating the current condition and distant researches of similar cases, to mitigate or even settle the problems. Firstly, the managing systems need to be promoted. A comprehensive yet unified ancient document protecting system should be set up, so that the announced national standards can be better implemented. A network which spreads over the whole region is supposed to be constructed, which will accelerate the digitalization and so the cooperation among the institutions. The storage conditions of housing institutions ought to be standardized and, moreover, checked thoroughly. Secondly, the development in financial support is in demand. More investments are recommended to be made, in order to improve condition and equipment of the institutions. Related institutions are encouraged to make applications for sufficient financial aids. Special funds on protection of ancient documents and books should be founded to help function the works. Thirdly, in respect of the practitioners, more professionals and experts are proposed to be invited to the relevant institutions and their treatments need to be accordingly promoted. Internal educational system is advised to also be set up in the institutions to train and professionalize relevant faculties. Finally, adjustment should be made to update the conditions in the temple. Lamas, monks and other clerics should receive proper training. And relevant services should also be enriched and professionalized. Hopefully, this essay could devote to the development of ancient book protection in Inner Mongolia, and appeals to a wider variety of attentions.
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